Jeff is searching for a supplier of coal to his factory. He has browsed through the Internet and he has discovered that Phil is a potential seller. Jeff writes to Phil specifying his interest to purchase 500 kg of coal at the price of 0.25 euros per kg. Phil replies back and writes that he can offer a price of 0.27 euros per kg. Phil adds that he will consider the deal completed unless he hears back from Jeff within the next 24 hours. Jeff does not reply at all and , indeed, receives a proposal for a deal with Frank for 0.24 per kg. Jeff asks Frank whether the coal is white, because he needs only white coal and adds that the price seems reasonable. Frank sends him immediately the required quantity of white coal and expects being paid. At the same time, Phil is expecting being paid as well and in his case Jeff has never specified the type of coal he needed Jeff maintains that he owes nothing to nobody and continues in discussions with Phil. This time Jeff declares that he would buy coal from Phil at a price of 0.26 per kg and Phil immediately send him a quantity of black coal. Jeff keeps it for 10 days without any further communication. Phil solicits payment and at this stage Jeff sends the coal back insisting that he had never agreed on anything and never asked for black coal. By the way, Frank is at door as well, waiting for payment. Jeff still insists he does not owe anything to anybody
Could you please help in solving their controversies?