Arton Industries expects next year's annual dividend, D1, to be $1.90 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate g = 4.2%. The firm's current common stock price, P0, is $23.00. If it needs to issue new common stock, the firm will encounter a 5.9% flotation cost, F. Assume that the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment is 12% and the cost of old common equity is 11.5%. a.) What is the flotation cost adjustment that must be added to its cost of retained earnings? Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Do not round intermediate calculations.
b.) What is the cost of new common equity considering the estimate made from the three estimation methodologies? Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Do not round intermediate calculations.

3. saving two consumers, larry and jeff, have utility functions defined over the two periods of their lives: middle age (period zero) and retirement (period 1). they have the same income in period 0 of m dollars and they will not earn income in period 1. the interest rate they face is r. larry’s and jeff’s utility functions are as follow. = 0.5 + 0.5 and = 0.5 + 0.5 for each person is between zero and one and represents each consumer’s temporal discount econ 340: intermediate microeconomics. ben van kammen: purdue university. rate. a. write the budget constraint that applies to both jeff and larry in terms of consumption in each period and ), interest rate, and m. b. what is larry’s and what is jeff’s marginal rate of intertemporal substitution? c. what is the slope of the budget constraint? d. write each consumer’s condition for lifetime utility maximization. e. re-arrange the conditions from part (d) to solve for the ratio, . f. if > which consumer will save more of his middle age income? g. if > 1 1+ , in which period will larry consume more: = 0 or = 1?