Bài tập 2: Đường cầu lưu lượng giao thông của tuyến đường xa lộ Hà Nội khi bình thường là: Q=40000-2P; trong lúc cao điểm là: Q=100000-2P (Q là
số lượt đi lại trong ngày, P là mức phí giao thông). Tuyến đường bị tắc
nghẽn khi Q>50000 lượt, khi tắc nghẽn chi phí biên của việc sử dụng con
đường tăng theo hàm số MC = 2Q; trong đó MC là chi phí biên cho thêm
một lượt xe đi lại; Q là số lượt xe vượt qua điểm tắc nghẽn.
a/ Ngày bình thường có nên thu phí giao thông không? Vì sao?
b/ Ngay cao điểm có nên thu phí giao thông không? Nếu có thì mức thu tối
đa là bao nhiêu?
c/ Nếu không thu phí trong ngày cao điểm thì tổn thất phúc lợi là bao
nhiêu?

The hawthorne works was a large western electric factory with 45,000 employees. during the 1920s and 1930s, hawthorne works was the site of some well-known industrial studies. in one of the studies, researchers investigated the impact of different working conditions on worker productivity. prior to the start of the study, researchers secretly measured workers' productivity for several weeks. then researchers chose two workers, who then chose their own teams. the teams were separated from the general workforce and completed their work in different experiment rooms where the researchers could observe them more easily. over a 5-year period researchers manipulated the structure of the workday for each team (number and duration of breaks and number of hours per shift). for each of these changes in working conditions, the researchers measured the effect on productivity. for some conditions, such as frequent short breaks, workers rebelled by intentionally decreasing productivity.why did the researchers secretly measure the workers' productivity before creating the two treatment groups? a, to create similar treatment groups so that a cause-and-effect relationship could be establishedb, to draw conclusions about the productivity of all workers in the plant based on the test groupsc, to directly control for confounding variablesd, to provide a baseline for measuring worker productivity

Select all that apply. select the ways that labor unions can increase wages. collective bargaining reducing the labor supply increasing the demand for labor creating monopolies

The following costs were incurred in may: direct materials $ 44,800 direct labor $ 29,000 manufacturing overhead $ 29,300 selling expenses $ 26,800 administrative expenses $ 37,100 conversion costs during the month totaled: