Break-Even Units: Units for Target Profit Jay-Zee Company makes an in-car navigation system. Next year, Jay-Zee plans to sell 16,000 units at a price of $320 each. Product costs include: Direct materials $68 Direct labor $40
Variable overhead $12
Total fixed factory overhead $500,000
Variable selling expense is a commission of 5 percent of price; fixed selling and administrative expenses total $116,400.
Required:
1. Calculate the sales commission per unit sold. Calculate the contribution margin per unit.
2. How many units must Jay-Zee Company sell to break even? Prepare an income statement for the calculated number of units.
3. Calculate the number of units Jay-Zee Company must sell to achieve target operating income (profit) of $333,408.
4. What if the Jay-Zee Company wanted to achieve a target operating income of $322,000? Would the number of units needed increase or decrease compared to your answer in Requirement 3? Compute the number of units needed for the new target operating income.

Jay-Zee Company

1. Sales commission per unit sold is:

= $16.

The Contribution margin per unit is:

= $184.

2. Break-even units are:

= 3,350 units

Income Statement for 3,350 units:

Sales revenue                  $1,072,000 ($320 * 3,350)

Variable cost of goods sold 455,600 ($136 * 3,350)

Contribution margin           $616,400 ($184 * 3,350)

Fixed costs:

Factory overhead              $500,000

Selling and administrative     116,400

Total fixed costs                 $616,400

Net operating income        $0

3. Units to sell to achieve income of $333,408 are:

= 5,162 units

4. The number of units needed would decrease.

The number of units needed for the new target operating income is:

= 5,100 units.

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

Planned sales unit for the next year = 16,000

Sales price per unit = $320

Product costs:

Direct materials      $68

Direct labor             $40

Variable overhead  $12

Total fixed factory overhead $500,000

Variable selling expense = $16 ($320 * 5%)

Fixed selling and administrative expenses = $116,400

Total variable costs per unit = $136

Contribution margin per unit = $184 ($320 - $136)

Total fixed costs = $616,400 ($500,000 + $116,400)

To break-even, units to sell = $616,400/$184 = 3,350 units

Units to sell to achieve a profit target of $333,408:

= $616,400+ $333,408/$184

= 5,162 units

Units to sell to achieve a profit target of $333,408:

= $616,400+ $322,000/$184

= 5,100 units

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