Teresa currently earns a wage of $12.00 per hour; in other words, the amount of her paycheck each week is $12.00 per hour times the number of hours she works. Suppose the price of milk is $2.00 per gallon; in this case, Teresa's wage, in terms of the amount of milk she can buy with her paycheck, is gallons of milk per hour. When workers and firms negotiate compensation packages, they have expectations about the price level (and changes in the price level) and agree on a wage with those expectations in mind. If the price level turns out to be lower than expected, a worker's wage is than both the worker and employer expected when they agreed to the wage. Teresa and her employer both expected inflation to be 3% between 2012 and 2013, so they agreed, in a two-year contract, that she would earn $12.00 per hour in 2012 and $12.36 per hour in 2013. However, suppose inflation between 2012 and 2013 actually turned out to be 2%, not 3%. For example, suppose the price of milk rose from $2.00 per gallon to $2.04 per gallon. This means that between 2012 and 2013, Teresa's nominal wage by, and her real wage by approximately .

In the supply-and-demand schedule shown above, at the lowest price of $50, producers supply music players and consumers demand music players.

In march 2012, the state of california started requiring that all packaging for food and drink with the additive 4-methylimidazole (4-mi) be clearly labeled with a cancer warning. because of this, both pepsi and coke changed their formula to eliminate 4-mi as an ingredient. if pepsi and coke did not change their formula, holding all else constant, what would have happened to the demand for these goods, assuming pepsi and coke were in a competitive market? a. the demand curve for both pepsi and coke would have shifted to the right, causing the price of both products to decrease and the profits for the companies to fall. b. the demand curve for pepsi and coke would have remained unchanged, but the price of both products would have decreased and the profits for the companies would have fallen. c. the demand curve for pepsi and coke would have decreased, but the prices and profits would not have changed. d. the demand curve for only one of them would change because pepsi and coke are substitutes. e. the demand curve for pepsi and coke would have shifted to the left, causing the price of both products to decrease and the profits for both companies to fall.

Suppose that a recent celebrity endorsement made more people prefer this brand of cell phones. now, more cell phones are demanded at each price level. as a result of the increase in demand, the equilibrium price and the equilibrium quantity increases, decreases