Retained earnings, December 31, 2012 $311,900   Cost of equipment purchased during 2013 30,000  
Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2013 4,550  
Dividends declared and paid in 2013 15,200  
Decrease in cash balance from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013 12,800  
Decrease in long-term debt in 2013 15,900  

Required:
From the above data, calculate the retained earnings balance as of December 31, 2013. (Negative amounts should be indicated by a minus sign.)

Retained earnings balance as of December 31, 2013

Particulars                                                        Amount ($)

Retained Earnings Dec 31, 2012                       311,900

Less: Net Loss for the Year                               4,550

Less: Dividend declared and paid in 2013       15,200

Retained Earnings Dec 31, 2013                     $292,150

the investment was $14,174.196

explanation:

a lump sum means that the father of the example made one deposit and leave it be.

we need to know the value of a capital that generated at 4.05% per year during 28 years the sum of $48,613.24

now clearing the formula to solve for capital we got:

and we reach the answer investment = $14,174.20

odd consecutive integers are odd integers that follow each other. they have a difference of 2 between every two numbers. if n is an odd integer, then n, n+2, n+4 and n+6 will be odd consecutive integers. the first number in the pattern is always the variable on its own or in this case, "n". examples.