Bringing Up Baby (BUB) produces step-by-step manuals for child rearing. If BUB’s total cost of producing manuals is given by TC = 0.004 Q 3 – 0.1 Q 2 + 0.5 Q + 250, the marginal cost of producing the 50th manual is:

Njuly, noel & vang company purchased materials costing $23,100 and incurred direct labor cost of $19,800. manufacturing overhead totaled $35,200 for the month. information on inventories was as follows: july 1 july 31 materials $6,820 $7,810 work in process 770 1,320 finished goods 3,630 2,970 what was the cost of goods sold for july? a. $71,300 b. $71,100 c. $69,600 d. $77,220

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.

Trey morgan is an employee who is paid monthly. for the month of january of the current year, he earned a total of $4,538. the fica tax for social security is 6.2% of the first $118,500 earned each calendar year, and the fica tax rate for medicare is 1.45% of all earnings for both the employee and the employer. the amount of federal income tax withheld from his earnings was $680.70. his net pay for the month is .