Suppose that the money supply and the nominal GDP for a hypothetical economy are $96 bilion and $336 bilion, respectively. (In part a round your answer to 1 decimal place. In part c enter your answer as a whole number.)a. What is the velocity of money?b. How will households and businesses react if the central bank reduces the money supply by $20 billion? i. Households and businesses will increase spendingii. Households and businesses will not react. iii. Households and businesses will reduce spending. c. By how much will nominal GDP have to fall to restore equilibrium, according to the monetarist perspective?

V = 3.5  (1 dollar circulates 3.5 times in a year)

In short term – Reduction of aggregate demand and real output

In long term – reduction of wages and increase of real output of firms

Nominal GDP will fall by $20 bilion

Explanation:

Equation of monetisation =  

Total money in circulation = Total money demanded/total output

Money Supply * Money Velocity = Price Level * GDP

V = PY/M  

Substituting the given values, we get –  

V = 336/96  

V = 3.5  

This indicates 1 dollar circulates 3.5 times in a year

In short term – Reduction of aggregate demand and real output

In long term – reduction of wages and increase of real output of firms

Nominal GDP will fall by $20 bilion

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