Financial planner Minnie Margin wishes to develop a mutual fund portfolio based on the Markowitz portfolio model. She needs to determine the proportion of the portfolio to invest in each of the five mutual funds listed below so that the variance of the portfolio is minimized subject to the constraint that the expected return of the portfolio be at least 5%. Formulate the appropriate nonlinear program. Minnie assumes that the more recent returns are more likely to occur. She assumes that the probability of occurrence of scenario 1 is 40%, of scenario 2 is 30%, of scenario 3 is 20% and of scenario 4 is 10%. Annual Returns (Planning Scenarios)
Mutual Fund Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4
International Stock 22 26 4 2
Large-Cap Value 15 19 11 -5
Mid-Cap Value 17 20 -4 -1
Small-Cap Growth 23 12 3 3
Short-Term Bond 9 8 6 4
S&P 500 12 8 4 9

Consider how health insurance affects the quantity of health care services performed. suppose that the typical medical procedure has a cost of $160, yet a person with health insurance pays only $40 out of pocket. her insurance company pays the remaining $120. (the insurance company recoups the $120 through premiums, but the premium a person pays does not depend on how many procedures that person chooses to undergo.) consider the following demand curve in the market for medical care. use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the quantity of procedures demanded if each procedure has a price of $160. then use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the quantity of procedures demanded if each procedure has a price of $40. q d at p=$160 q d at p=$40 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 price of medical procedures quantity of medical procedures demand if the cost of each procedure to society is truly $160, the quantity that maximizes total surplus is procedures. economists often blame the health insurance system for excessive use of medical care. given your analysis, the use of care might be viewed as excessive because consumers get procedures whose value is than the cost of producing them.

Which two of the following are benefits of consumer programs

Compute the cost of not taking the following cash discounts. (use a 360-day year. do not round intermediate calculations. input your final answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)