Under the ucc, is defined as "honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards for fair dealing."

The answer is good faith. In section 1-201 of the Uniform Commercial Code good faith is defined normally as “honesty in fact in the conduct or transaction concerned.” Article 2 of the U.C.C. says “good faith in the case of a merchant means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing in the trade.” Similarly, Article 3 on negotiable instruments describes good faith as “honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing,” an explanation which also applies to the provisions of Article 4 on bank deposits and collections and Article 4A on funds transfers. The U.C.C. enforces an obligation of good faith on the performance of every contract or duty under its purview. The law also generally necessitates good faith of fiduciaries and agents acting on behalf of their principals. There is also a necessity under the National Labor Relations Act that employers and unions bargain in good faith. 

muslims control the north africa during the period of 1500 up

to 1800. they made a barrier to prevent further european exploration from

entering the africa from the north. however, the dutch ware still able to move

toward the interior with having south africa as one of the routes leading to

the east for trading with asia.

answer; normative economics;