The former soviet union was known for black markets. an explanation for the existence of these illegal markets is that:

Manipulation manufacturing's (amm) standards anticipate that there will be 5 pounds of raw material used for every unit of finished goods produced. amm began the month of maymay with 8,000 pounds of raw material, purchased 25,500 pounds for $ 15,300 and ended the month with 7,400 pounds on hand. the company produced 4,9004,900 units of finished goods. the company estimates standard costs at $ 1.10 per pound. the materials price and efficiency variances for the month of maymay were:

Four key marketing decision variables are price (p), advertising (a), transportation (t), and product quality (q). consumer demand (d) is influenced by these variables. the simplest model for describing demand in terms of these variables is: d = k – pp + aa + tt + qq where k, p, a, t, and q are constants. discuss the assumptions of this model. specifically, how does each variable affect demand? how do the variables influence each other? what limitations might this model have? how can it be improved?

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