Use the following price information for selected items for 2010 and 2018. Production figures for those two periods are also given. Price Quantity
Item 2010 2018 2010 2018
Aluminum (cents per pound) $0.67 $0.71 878 1,213
Natural gas (1,000 cu. ft.) 4.22 2.84 7,938 3,495
Petroleum (barrel) 71.06 58.00 69,147 61,683
Platinum (troy ounce) 1,743.45 1,292.38 543 529

Required:
Compute Laspeyres price index for 2010 using 2018 as the base period.

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.

To appeal to a new target market, the maker of hill's coffee has changed the product's package design, reformulated the coffee, begun advertising price discounts in women's magazines, and started distributing the product through gourmet coffee shops. what has been changed? a. the product's perceptual value. b.the product's 4ps. c. the method used in its target marketing. d. the ownership of the product line. e. the product's utility.

Abbington company has a manufacturing facility in brooklyn that manufactures robotic equipment for the auto industry. for year 1, abbingtonabbington collected the following information from its main production line: actual quantity purchased-200 units, actual quantity used-110 units, units standard quantity-100 units, actual price paid-$8 per unit, standard price-$10 per unit. atlantic isolates price variances at the time of purchase. what is the materials price variance for year 1? 1. $400 favorable. 2. $400 unfavorable. 3. $220 favorable. 4. $220 unfavorable.