Ronaldo Soccer Shop's income statement reports sales of $100,000; cost of goods sold of $46,000, operating expenses of $34,000, interest expense of $15,000, income tax expense of $2,000, and net income of $3,000. If you were to perform a vertical analysis of this income statement, you would divide each of these income statement line items by:

Engberg company installs lawn sod in home yards. the company’s most recent monthly contribution format income statement follows: amount percent of sales sales $ 80,000 100% variable expenses 32,000 40% contribution margin 48,000 60% fixed expenses 38,000 net operating income $ 10,000 required: 1. compute the company’s degree of operating leverage. (round your answer to 1 decimal place.) 2. using the degree of operating leverage, estimate the impact on net operating income of a 5% increase in sales. (do not round intermediate calculations.) 3. construct a new contribution format income statement for the company assuming a 5% increase in sales.