Suppose there is a policy debate regarding the United States imposing trade restrictions on imported ball bearings: A senator from a state with several ball-bearing factories explains that it is necessary to impose trade restrictions, such as a tariff, on the ball-bearing industry to protect workers in the domestic ball-bearing industry. The senator claims that without trade protection, there will be layoffs, causing many U. S. workers in the ball-bearing industry to be unemployed. Which of the following justifications is the senator using to argue for the trade restriction on ball bearings?
a. Jobs argument
b. National-security argument
c. Using-protection-as-a-bargaining-ch ip argument
d. Infant-industry argument
e. Unfair-competition argument