Which of the following correctly describes an example of a secondary competitor?

Fanning books buys books and magazines directly from publishers and distributes them to grocery stores. the wholesaler expects to purchase the following inventory: april may june required purchases (on account) $ 111,000 $ 131,000 $ 143,000 fanning books accountant prepared the following schedule of cash payments for inventory purchases. fanning books suppliers require that 85 percent of purchases on account be paid in the month of purchase; the remaining 15 percent are paid in the month following the month of purchase. required complete the schedule of cash payments for inventory purchases by filling in the missing amounts. determine the amount of accounts payable the company will report on its pro forma balance sheet at the end of the second quarter.

Pennewell publishing inc. (pp) is a zero growth company. it currently has zero debt and its earnings before interest and taxes (ebit) are $80,000. pp's current cost of equity is 10%, and its tax rate is 40%. the firm has 10,000 shares of common stock outstanding selling at a price per share of $48.00. refer to the data for pennewell publishing inc. (pp). pp is considering changing its capital structure to one with 30% debt and 70% equity, based on market values. the debt would have an interest rate of 8%. the new funds would be used to repurchase stock. it is estimated that the increase in risk resulting from the added leverage would cause the required rate of return on equity to rise to 12%. if this plan were carried out, what would be pp's new value of operations? a. $484,359 b. $521,173 c. $584,653 d. $560,748 e. $487,805

Which of these is an example of innovation?