Naomi complains to Andy that he "hasn’t been here – until now, when we’re in crisis mode." Based on this statement, Andy is most likely viewed as a(n) leader by Naomi. a. passive management by exception
b. active management by exception
c. transformational
d. laissez-faire
e. contingent reward

Based on the given statement, it is the passive management by exception that leader by Naomi.

The following information should be considered related to the  passive management by exception :

Therefore we can conclude that the correct option is a.

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a. passive management by exception

Explanation:

Even though this might sound like it is laissez-faire leadership, it is not.

This is a passive management by exception leadership style and a leader that does this is usually inactive and absent from their duties unless mistakes are being made or crisis are popping up that need to be fixed. They will then spring into action to mitigate the adverse effects of their absence.

This is different from laissez-faire leadership because in laissez-faire, the leader is simply absent even during crisis.

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