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B. Someone new contributes money to the company, becoming an owner.

Explanation:

Common stocks or shares represent a portion of the company. Ownership of a share means owning a part of the company. Shares are also known as equity.

A company issues common stocks when it wants to raise additional capital. Anyone buying shares is contributing capital to the business. They become owners of the business or shareholders as popularly known. They are issued with share certificates and are entitled to dividends.

answer; by looking at total product,marginal product,and changes in both after changes in inputs

answer; ///(d); determining who competes most closely   with whom evaluating whether industry driving forces and competitive pressure favor some strategic groups and hurt others, and ascertaining whether the profit potential of different strategic groups varies due to the strengths and weaknesses in each groups respective market positions;