Federated Fabrications leased a tooling machine on January 1, 2021, for a three-year period ending December 31, 2023. The lease agreement specified annual payments of $48,000 beginning with the first payment at the beginning of the lease, and each December 31 through 2022. The company had the option to purchase the machine on December 30, 2023, for $57,000 when its fair value was expected to be $72,000, a sufficient difference that exercise seems reasonably certain. The machine's estimated useful life was six years with no salvage value. Federated was aware that the lessor’s implicit rate of return was 10%. Required:
a. Calculate the amount Federated should record as a right-of-use asset and lease liability for this finance lease.
b. Prepare an amortization schedule that describes the pattern of interest expense for Federated over the lease term.
c. Prepare the appropriate entries for Federated from the beginning of the lease through the end of the lease term.

All requirements solved

Explanation:

we can calculate the right of use asset and lease liability by determining the present value of all future cash flows and after calculating present values sum them up

Requirement 1: Right of use asset and lease liability

Present value (year 0) = 48,000 / (1+10%)^0 = 48,000

Present value (year 1) = 48,000 x 1/(1+10%)^1

Present value (year 1) = 48,000 x 0.909 = 43,636

Present value (year 2) = 48,000 x 1/(1+10%)^2

Present value (year 2) = 48,000 x 0.826 = 39,670

Present value (year 3) = 57,000 x 1/(1+10%)^3

Present value (year 3) = 57,000 x 0.751 = 42,825

Total present value = 48,000 + 43,636 + 39,670 + 42,825

Total present value = 174,131

Right of use asset and lease liability = 174,131

Requirement 2: Amortization schedule

Date      payments    effective interest     Decrease       Outstanding

                                            10%                    in balance          balance

1/1/21                                                                                         174,131

1/1/21          48,000                                              48,000        126,131

12/31/21     48,000            12,613                       35,387          90,744

12/31/22     48,000            9.074                       38,926          51,818

12/31/23     48,000             5,182                       51,818      

Requirement 3: Journal entries

Amortization expense  =   174,131/6

Amortization expense  = 29,022

1/1/21

Dr   Righ of use         74,131

Cr Lease payable             74,131

1/1/21

Dr lease payable    48,000

Cr cash                                 48,000

12/31/21

Dr  Lease payable        35,387

Dr  Interest expense    12,613

Cr  Cash                                    48,000

12/31/21

Dr  Amortization expense   29,022

Cr  Right of use                          29,022          

12/31/22

Dr  Lease payable        38,926

Dr  Interest expense    9,074

Cr  Cash                                    48,000

12/31/22

Dr  Amortization expense   29,022

Cr  Right of use                          29,022          

12/31/23

Dr  Lease payable        51,818

Dr  Interest expense    5,182

Cr  Cash                                    57,000

12/31/23

Dr  Amortization expense   29,022

Cr  Right of use                          29,022          

cool i use it all the time

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