Refer to the following items on the balance sheets of a firm for the years ending December 31, 2018 and 2019. Item 2018 2019
Accounts Payable $729,500 $917,300
Long Term Debt $1,267,700 $1,093,400
Common Stock ($1 par) $2,184,000 $2,471,300
Retained Earnings $3,227,100 $3,419,800
If the firm's interest expense on its 2019 income statement was $312,920, calculate the net cash flow to the firm's creditors in 2019.
a) $312,920
b) $138,620
c) $425,920
d) $487,220

Proportion of us adults who own a cell phone. in a survey of 1006 us adults in 2014, 90% said they had a cell phone.1

Email viruses are typically launched by people who modify header information to hide their identity. brightmail's enrique salem says that in the future, your email reader will authenticate the sender before putting hte message in your inbox. that way, you will know the source of all the emails you read. alan nugent of novell says, "i'm kind of a fan of eliminating anonymity if that is the price for security." will eliminating anonymity make computers more secure?

A) plot the m1 and m2 money stock in the us from 1990-2015. (hint: you may use the data tools provided by fred.) (b) plot the nominal interest rate from 1960 to 2014. (hint: you can either use the daily interest rates for selected u.s. treasury, private money market and capital market instruments from or the effective federal funds rate fromfred.) (c) the consumer price index (cpi) is a measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services. intuitively, the cpi represents the cost of living or the average price level. plot the cpi from 1960 to 2013.(d) the inflation rate is the yearly percentage change in the average price level. in practice, we usually use the percentage change in the cpi to compute the inflation rate. plot the inflation rate from 1960 to 2013.(e) explain the difference between the ex-ante and ex-post real interest rate. use the fisher equation to compute the ex-post real interest rate. plot the nominal interest rate and the ex-post real interest rate from 1960 to 2013 in the same graph.