How did we know that Volkswagen is cheating? Who found out and how did they found out

Explanation:

Volkswagen was caught by independent testing carried out by a clean-air advocacy group, The International Council on Clean Transportation, which tested the cars because it thought they were such a great example of how diesel could be a clean fuel.

answer; (d) i believe that the correct answer is ; /// a new invention lowers the cost of production;

hi there, i would say your answer is:

b. there is a fixed quantity of resources and technology available.

hope that : )