Edelman Engines has $20 billion in total assets — of which cash and equivalents total $120 million. Its balance sheet shows $3 billion in current liabilities — of which the notes payable balance totals $0.84 billion. The firm also has $10 billion in long-term debt and $7 billion in common equity. It has 500 million shares of common stock outstanding, and its stock price is $20 per share. The firm's EBITDA totals $1.5 billion. Assume the firm's debt is priced at par, so the market value of its debt equals its book value. What are Edelman's market/book and its EV/EBITDA ratios? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to two decimal places.

You are chairman of the board of a successful technology firm. there is a nominal federal corporate tax rate of 35 percent, yet the effective tax rate of the typical corporation is about 12.6%. your firm has been clever with use of transfer pricing and keeping money abroad and has barely paid any taxes over the last 5 years; during this same time period, profits were $28 billion. one member of the board feels that it is un-american to use various accounting strategies in order to avoid paying taxes. others feel that these are legal loopholes and corporations have a fiduciary responsibility to minimize taxes. one board member quoted what the ceo of exxon once said: “i’m not a u.s. company and i don’t make decisions based on what’s good for the u.s.” what are the alternatives? what are your recommendations? why do you recommend this course of action?