Bill is building a project network that involves testing a prototype. He must design the prototype (activity 1), build the prototype (activity 2), and test the prototype (activity 3). Activity 1 is the predecessor for activity 2 and activity 2 is the predecessor for activity 3. If the prototype fails testing, Bill must redesign the prototype; therefore, activity 3 is a predecessor for activity 1. This is an example of

Galwaysc electronics makes two products. model a requires component a and component c. model b requires component b and component c. new versions of both models are released each year with updated versions of all components. all components are sourced overseas, and abc contracts annually for a quantity of each component before seeing that year’s demand. components are only assembled into finished products once demand for each model is known. for the coming year, alwaysc’s purchasing manner has proposed ordering 500,000 units of component a, 630,000 of component b, and 1,000,000 units of component c. her boss has asked why she has recommended purchasing so much of components a and b when alwaysc will not have enough of component c to fully use all of the inventory of a and b. what factors might the purchasing manager cite to explain her recommended order? explain your reasoning.

Pennewell publishing inc. (pp) is a zero growth company. it currently has zero debt and its earnings before interest and taxes (ebit) are $80,000. pp's current cost of equity is 10%, and its tax rate is 40%. the firm has 10,000 shares of common stock outstanding selling at a price per share of $48.00. refer to the data for pennewell publishing inc. (pp). pp is considering changing its capital structure to one with 30% debt and 70% equity, based on market values. the debt would have an interest rate of 8%. the new funds would be used to repurchase stock. it is estimated that the increase in risk resulting from the added leverage would cause the required rate of return on equity to rise to 12%. if this plan were carried out, what would be pp's new value of operations? a. $484,359 b. $521,173 c. $584,653 d. $560,748 e. $487,805

Joe pays ann to mow his lawn and ann mows vanna's lawn by mistake. vanna peers out her window and sees ann mowing, yet says nothing to ann about her mistake since vanna needs to have her lawn mowed. when ann approaches vanna for payment, vanna refuses, arguing that she never asked ann to mow her lawn. under these circumstances, ann can recover payment from vanna under: