The main disadvantage of a monetary union is the loss of national monetary and exchange rate policy independence. lessened political integration. increased exchange rate uncertainty. none of the options

The correct option is;

Loss of national monetary and exchange rate policy

Explanation:

The disadvantages of the establishment of monetary unions includes;

1) The loss of independence in monetary policy

2) The associated problems that arise due to the the initial establishment of the union

3) Tedious nature of the task of attaining comprehensive capital mobility

The advantages are;

1) Lack of uncertainty in exchange rate variation

2) Reduced cost of doing business

3) Improved fiscal stability as well as control of the inflation rate by supranational central bank.

the investment was $14,174.196

explanation:

a lump sum means that the father of the example made one deposit and leave it be.

we need to know the value of a capital that generated at 4.05% per year during 28 years the sum of $48,613.24

now clearing the formula to solve for capital we got:

and we reach the answer investment = $14,174.20

the correct answer is b.)