What are reasons why many organizations tap only a fraction of the potential that is available from cross-border transfer of knowledge and innovation except:

The available options are:

a. Barriers of language, cultural, and geographic distances.

b. Lack of trust among people at different locations.

c. Divisions sometimes view knowledge and innovation as power and want to hold onto it.

d. Economies of scope can increase a company's market power as compared to competitors.

d. Economies of scope can increase a company's market power as compared to competitors.

Explanation:

There are various reasons why many organizations tap only a fraction of the potential that is available from cross-border transfer of knowledge and innovation, these include:

1. The technical know-how tends to remains hidden in various units because of language, cultural, and geographical distances

2. Various divisional units sometimes perceive knowledge and innovation as power and want to monopolize it, to gain influential position within the global firm

3. The "not-invented-here" syndrome makes some managers reluctant to tap into the technical knowledge and expertise of other units

4. Much of an organization's knowledge is in the minds of employees and cannot easily be written down and shared with other units

Hence, the reasons why many organizations tap only a fraction of the potential that is available from cross-border transfer of knowledge and innovation except: Economies of scope can increase a company's market power as compared to competitors.

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