A bakery sells individual cupcakes for $3, and boxes of 12 cupcakes for $30. A customer enters the bakery. This customer purchases 15 cupcakes—1 box for $30, and 3 individual cupcakes for $3 each. Which of the following must be true of the customer’s willingness to pay? 1) The customer would not have purchased the cupcakes if the price for all 15 had been $45.
2) The customer’s willingness to pay for the 15 cupcakes is $39.
3) The customer’s willingness to pay for 12 cupcakes is $30.
4) The customer’s willingness to pay for 16 cupcakes is less than $42.