Substitution bias and difference between gdp deflator and CPI is called

Dakota company experienced the following events during 2016. 1. acquired $30,000 cash from the issue of common stock. 2. paid $12,000 cash to purchase land. 3. borrowed $10,000 cash. 4. provided services for $20,000 cash. 5. paid $1,000 cash for utilities expense. 6. paid $15,000 cash for other operating expenses. 7. paid a $2,000 cash dividend to the stockholders. 8. determined that the market value of the land purchased in event 2 is now $12,700