Which of the following is NOT true about organizational processes? Select one: a. They are only found at the top hierarchy levels within an organization. b. Valuable new processes that might lead to a competitive advantage can be developed anywhere within the organization’s network of operations. c. Effective processes can lower the costs of value creation and add additional value to a product. d. Processes cut across functions, or divisions, and require cooperation between individuals in different subunits. e. A firm’s core competencies or valuable, knowledge-based resources are embedded in its processes.

A. They are only found at the top hierarchy levels within an organization.

Explanation:

Organization process involves various activities that set out the business goals of the organization and develop process, product and resource assets which, when implemented will help to achieve business goals. This is a process that defines the actual work needed to achieve the goal, assigning those tasks to individuals, and putting those individuals in a decision‐making framework.

Hence, in general, the organization process involves five steps, which are:

1. Creation of Job design

2. Departmentation

3. Delegation of Authority

4. Span of Management

5. Chain of control.

With the above five steps that is involved in the organization process, it is therefore clear that, the only statement which is not true of Organization process from the available options is: They are only found at the top hierarchy levels within an organization.

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c is the answer, and do you have a ps4?