Does money have to be something you can hold in your hand? Why or why not?

Suppose an economist believes that the price level in the economy is directly related to the money supply, or the amount of money circulating in the economy. the economist proposes the following relationship: p=a x m - p=price level - m=money supply - a=a composite of other factors, including real gdp, that change very slowly over time. how might an economist gather empirical data to test the proposed relationship between money and the price level? an economist would persuade the federal reserve to change the money supply to various levels, and observe the resulting changes in the price level. unlike researchers in the hard sciences, economists cannot study complex relationships using data. economists do not usually develop theoretical models of the economy but only analyze summary statistics about the current state of the economy. an economist would look for data on past changes in the money supply, and note the resulting changes in the price level

When using various forms of promotion to carry the promotion message, it is important that the recipients of the message interpret it in the same way. creating a unified promotional message, where potential customers perceive the same message, whether it is in a tv commercial, or on a billboard, or in a blog, is called

An insurance company estimates the probability of an earthquake in the next year to be 0.0015. the average damage done to a house by an earthquake it estimates to be $90,000. if the company offers earthquake insurance for $150, what is company`s expected value of the policy? hint: think, is it profitable for the insurance company or not? will they gain (positive expected value) or lose (negative expected value)? if the expected value is negative, remember to show "-" sign. no "+" sign needed for the positive expected value