Which of the following statements is true?
a) The COSO report failed to define internal control
b) The COSO report emphasized that an internal control system is a tool of management
c) SAS 78 rejected the definition of internal control provided in the COSO report
d) COBIT concluded that a company's management is not responsible for establishing and monitoring a company's internal control system

Guardian inc. is trying to develop an asset-financing plan. the firm has $450,000 in temporary current assets and $350,000 in permanent current assets. guardian also has $550,000 in fixed assets. assume a tax rate of 40 percent. a. construct two alternative financing plans for guardian. one of the plans should be conservative, with 70 percent of assets financed by long-term sources, and the other should be aggressive, with only 56.25 percent of assets financed by long-term sources. the current interest rate is 12 percent on long-term funds and 7 percent on short-term financing. compute the annual interest payments under each plan.

Stosch company's balance sheet reported assets of $112,000, liabilities of $29,000 and common stock of $26,000 as of december 31, year 1. if retained earnings on the balance sheet as of december 31, year 2, amount to $74,000 and stosch paid a $28,000 dividend during year 2, then the amount of net income for year 2 was which of the following? a)$23,000 b) $35,000 c) $12,000 d)$42,000

Atrough in the business cycle occurs when