You are evaluating two different silicon wafer milling machines. The Techron I costs $276,000, has a three-year life, and has pretax operating costs of $75,000 per year. The Techron II costs $480,000, has a five-year life, and has pretax operating costs of $48,000 per year. For both milling machines, use straight-line depreciation to zero over the project’s life and assume a salvage value of $52,000. If your tax rate is 21 percent and your discount rate is 12 percent, compute the EAC for both machines. (A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e. g., 32.16.)

Techron I

-$154,842

Techron II

-$144,981

Explanation:

Techron I

Cash Flow From Year 1 to Year 3

Pretax operating costs             ($75,000)

Depreciation ($276,000 / 3)   ($92,000)

Profit before tax                       ($167,000)

Tax (21% x $167,000)                $35,070

Profit after tax                           ($131,930)

Add back Depreciation            $92,000

Cash Flow after tax                   ($39,930)

Terminal Value = Salvage value - Tax = $52,000 - ($52,000 x 21%) = $41,080

NPV = ($276,000) + [ (39,930) x (1+12%)^-1] + [ (39,930) x (1+12%)^-2] + [ (39,930) x (1+12%)^-3] = ($276,000) + ($35,652) + ($31,832) + ($28,421) = ($371,905)

EAC = NPV/(1-(1+r)^-n)/r

EAC = -371,905 / ( 1 - ( 1 + 12% )^-3/12% = -$154,842

Techron II

Cash Flow From Year 1 to Year 3

Pretax operating costs             ($48,000)

Depreciation ($480,000 / 5)   ($96,000)

Profit before tax                       ($144,000)

Tax (21% x $167,000)                $30,240

Profit after tax                           ($113,760)

Add back Depreciation            $96,000

Cash Flow after tax                   ($17,746)

Terminal Value = Salvage value - Tax = $52,000 - ($52,000 x 21%) = $41,080

NPV = ($480,000) + [ (17,746) x (1+12%)^-1] + [ (17,746) x (1+12%)^-2] + [ (17,746) x (1+12%)^-3] = ($480,000) + ($15,845) + ($14,147) + ($12631) = ($522,623)

EAC = NPV/(1-(1+r)^-n)/r

EAC = -522,623 / ( 1 - ( 1 + 12% )^-5/12% = -$144,981

a progressive tax is a tax that imposes a lower tax rate on low-income earners compared to those with a higher income, making it based on the taxpayer's ability to pay. that means it takes a bigger percentage from high income earners than it does from low income people.