Tobin Supplies Company expects sales next year to be $500,000. Inventory and accounts receivable will "increase $80,000" to accommodate this sales level. The company has a steady profit margin of 10 percent with a 20 percent dividend payout. How much external financing will Tobin Supplies Company have to seek

External funds needed = $40,000.

Explanation:

An increase in the firm's retained earnings (a component of the shareholder's equity) arises as a result of higher sales volume, thereby making the  Asset = Liability + Shareholder's Equity Equation unbalanced.

Therefore, there must be an increment in the firm's assets by an equal amount in order to re balance the equation. If there is an increase in assets by a greater magnitude than retained earnings increment, the gap is filled by external financing (which is a liability and increases the liability component of the equation).

Net income = Sales * profit margin = $500000*10% = $50000

Dividend= Net income * payout ratio = $50000*20%= $10000

Increase in retained earnings = Net income - Dividend = $(50000-10000)

                                                  = $40000

Increase in assets = $80000

External funds needed = $(80000-40000) = $40,000.

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