Top management notices a variation from budget and an investigation of the difference reveals that the department manager could not be expected to have controlled the variation. Which of the following statements is applicable?a. Department managers' performances should not be evaluated based on actualresults to budgeted results. b. Department managers should only be held accountable for controllablevariances for their departments. c. Department managers should be credited for favorable variances even if theyare beyond their control. d. Department managers should be held accountable for all variances frombudgets for their departments.

M. cotteleer electronics supplies microcomputer circuitry to a company that incorporates microprocessors into refrigerators and other home appliances. one of the components has an annual demand of 235 units, and this is constant throughout the year. carrying cost is estimated to be $1.25 per unit per year, and the ordering (setup) cost is $21 per order. a) to minimize cost, how many units should be ordered each time an order is placed? b) how many orders per year are needed with the optimal policy? c) what is the average inventory if costs are minimized? d) suppose that the ordering cost is not $21, and cotteleer has been ordering 125 units each time an order is placed. for this order policy (of q = 125) to be optimal, determine what the ordering cost would have to be.

Corrective action must be taken for a project when (a) actual progress to the planned progress shows the progress is ahead of schedule. (b) the technical specifications have been met. (c) the actual cost of the activities is less than the funds received for the work completed. (d) the actual progress is less than the planned progress.

Which of the following best explains how trade enables greater specialization among producers? a. trade diversifies the market by bringing specialized goods from around the world. b. trade requires distribution networks and adds one more step to the production process. c. trade enables producers to open up new markets for their goods and services. d. trade allows people to focus on one kind of production and trade for their other needs.