The marginal propensity to consume is 0.8, the marginal tax rate is 0.20, and the marginal propensity to import is 0.14. The government increases government expenditure and autonomous taxes each by $50 billion. What is the resulting change in equilibrium expenditure?

Which of the following best describes the economic effect that results from the government having a budget surplus? a. consumers save more and spend less, enabling long-term financial planning. b. overall demand decreases, reducing the incentive for producers to increase production. c. banks have more deposits, enabling them to make more loans to investors. d. government spending increases, increasing competition for goods and services and driving prices up.