Bernard, the CEO of RTT Co., believes the goals of the company must be divided into smaller departmental and individual goals. The accomplishment of these smaller goals will allow employees at all levels to contribute to accomplishment of the bigger goals of the company. In the context of measuring performance results, Bernard's belief can be best justified using

A. total quality management.
B. the critical-incident method.
C. the behavioral observational scale method.
D. statistical quality control.
E. management by objectives.