Peter, a graduate student from Michigan, ordered a notebook from Opus Inc., an American MNC manufacturing and selling computers and related products. The notebook that Peter ordered from Michigan was assembled in Opus' factory in Taipei. This exemplifies the stage in the international value chain.

In a recent annual report, apple computer reported the following in one of its disclosure notes: "warranty expense: the company provides currently for the estimated cost for product warranties at the time the related revenue is recognized." this note exemplifies apple's use of: (a) conservatism.(b) matching. (c) realization principle. (d) economic entity.