Assume that speculators purchased a futures contract at the beginning of the year. If the price of a security represented by the futures contract over the year, then these speculators would likely have purchased the futures contract for than they can sell it for.

Aplant manager is considering buying additional stamping machines to accommodate increasing demand. the alternatives are to buy 1 machine, 2 machines, or 3 machines. the profits realized under each alternative are a function of whether their bid for a recent defense contract is accepted or not. the payoff table below illustrates the profits realized (in $000's) based on the different scenarios faced by the manager. alternative bid accepted bid rejected buy 1 machine $10 $5 buy 2 machines $30 $4 buy 3 machines $40 $2 refer to the information above. assume that based on historical bids with the defense contractor, the plant manager believes that there is a 65% chance that the bid will be accepted and a 35% chance that the bid will be rejected. what is the expected value under perfect information (evpi)?