(Identifying spontaneous, temporary, and permanent sources of financing) Classify each of the following sources of new financing as spontaneous, temporary, or permanent: a. A manufacturing firm enters into a loan agreement with its bank that calls for annual principal and interest payments spread over the next four years. b. A retail firm orders new items of inventory that are charged to the firm's trade credit. c. A trucking firm issues common stock to the public and uses the proceeds to upgrade its tractor fleet.

a) Permanent source of finance

b) Spontaneous source of finance

c) Permanent source of finance

Explanation:

With transaction b), The credit is for day to day operations making it a spontaneous funding but credit usually do not take more than 90 days to pay therefore temporal can also fit in nonetheless Spontaneous is more appropriate as the credit is a spontaneous source of funding.

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(b) management: leadership

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