A closed-end fund starts the year with a net asset value of $22. By year-end, NAV equals $23.10. At the beginning of the year, the fund is selling at a 3% premium to NAV. By the end of the year, the fund is selling at a 8% discount to NAV. The fund paid year-end distributions of income and capital gains of $2.50.a. What is the rate of return to an investor in the fund during the year?
b. What would have been the rate of return to an investor who held the same securities as the fund manager during the year?

The blank is type of decision-maker who over analyzes information

Dahlia enterprises needs someone to supply it with 127,000 cartons of machine screws per year to support its manufacturing needs over the next five years, and you’ve decided to bid on the contract. it will cost you $940,000 to install the equipment necessary to start production; you’ll depreciate this cost straight-line to zero over the project’s life. you estimate that in five years, this equipment can be salvaged for $77,000. your fixed production costs will be $332,000 per year, and your variable production costs should be $11.00 per carton. you also need an initial investment in net working capital of $82,000. if your tax rate is 30 percent and your required return is 11 percent on your investment, what bid price should you submit? (do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answer to 2 decimal places. (e.g., 32.16))

howard, fine, & howard is an advertising agency. the firm uses an activity-based costing system to allocate overhead costs to its services. information about the firm's activity cost pool rates follows: stooge company was a client of howard, fine, & howard. recently, 7 administrative assistant hours, 3 new ad campaigns, and 8 meeting hours were incurred for the stooge company account. using the activity-based costing system, how much overhead cost would be allocated to the stooge company account?