Suppose the total market value of all the final goods and services produced in the country of Rushya was $8 billion in 2008 (measured in 2008 prices) and $9 billion in 2009 (measured in 2009 prices). Which of the following statements is definitely correct?

a. Production increased in Rushya between 2008 and 2009.
b. Real GDP increased in Rushya between 2008 and 2009.
c. Average price levels increased in Rushya between 2008 and 2009.
d. Whether real GDP increased cannot be determined with the information given.

At a student café, there are equal numbers of two types of customers with the following values. the café owner cannot distinguish between the two types of students because many students without early classes arrive early anyway (i.e., she cannot price-discriminate). students with early classes students without early classes coffee 70 60 banana 51 101 the marginal cost of coffee is 10 and the marginal cost of a banana is 40. the café owner is considering three pricing strategies: 1. mixed bundling: price bundle of coffee and a banana for 161, or just a coffee for 70. 2. price separately: offer coffee at 60, price a banana at 101. 3. bundle only: coffee and a banana for 121. do not offer goods separately. assume that if the price of an item or bundle is no more than exactly equal to a student's willingness to pay, then the student will purchase the item or bundle. for simplicity, assume there is just one student with an early class, and one student without an early class. price strategy revenue from pricing strategy cost from pricing strategy profit from pricing strategy 1. mixed bundling $ $ $ 2. price separately $ $ $ 3. bundle only $ $ $ pricing strategy yields the highest profit for the café owner.

Which change is illustrated by the shift taking place on this graph? a decrease in supply an increase in supply o an increase in demand o a decrease in demand

Agovernment receives a gift of cash and investments with a fair value of $200,000. the donor specified that the earnings from the gift must be used to beautify city-owned parks and the principal must be re-invested. the $200,000 gift should be accounted for in which of the following funds? a) general fund b) private-purpose trust fund c) agency fund d) permanent fund