Calvert city's police officers must successfully pass a test to be promoted. The test was job related and professionally developed and validated. This year, the city discovered that African American officers taking the test scored significantly lower than white officers. Therefore, the city did not use the test scores for promotions. The city's decision
a. caused no discrimination against the white officers.
b. caused disparate impact discrimination against the white officers.
c. caused disparate treatment discrimination against the white officers.
d. caused both disparate treatment and disparate impact discrimination against the white officers.

Each container is cut from the mould once the plastic has cooled and hardened. unit-level 2 patents are obtained for each new type of container mould. facility-level 3. plastic resins are used as the main direct material for the containers. product-level 4. a plant manager oversees the entire manufacturing operation. facility-level 5. the sales force incurs travel expenses to attend various trade shows throughout the country to market the containers. product-level 6. each container product line has a product line manager. product-level 7 the extrusion machine is calibrated for each batch of containers made. facility-level 8. each type of container has its own unique moulds. unit-level 9. routine maintenance is performed on the extrusion machines. facility-level 10. rent is paid for the building that houses the manufacturing processes. classify each activity as either unit-level, batch-level, product-level, or facility-level.