The process of securing a loan by pledging a property without giving up ownership of the property is called

Hypothecation

Explanation:

Hypothecation is the process where an individual(debtor) secures a loan, by using his/her property as an insurance(collateral) to be claimed by the creditor in case, the individual(debtor) can't meet up with the loan payment.

Hypothecation is a common practice with commercial banks, where loans are given with a condition that a collateral is presented by the individual seeking the loan.

the first successful, urban blues recording, selling more than 75,000 copies, was made in year 1920.

mamie smith recorded the first commercially successful example of the urban blues,   with the recording of “crazy blues”."crazy blues" was recorded on august 10, 1920, in new york city. within a month of the release of “crazy blues” it had sold 75,000 copies.