The accounting department of a large firm is interested in modeling the dynamic of its accounts receivable (that is, the money that is owed to it by its customers) when a charge sale occurs, abill is sent out at the end of the month .payment is due within thirty days ,but may not occure in that time. if no payment is received within six months of the billing date, the amount is classified as bad debt. thus, an individual account is described by its age in months, or by "paid" or by "bad debt".for numerical values, assume that the prob. that payment is made in the first month is 0.8 and decline by 0.1 each additional month. that is, the prob. it is paid in the second month is 0.7 ,in the third month is 0.6,and so on. formulate the terminating markov chain that describes the debt payment.

Consider how health insurance affects the quantity of health care services performed. suppose that the typical medical procedure has a cost of $160, yet a person with health insurance pays only $40 out of pocket. her insurance company pays the remaining $120. (the insurance company recoups the $120 through premiums, but the premium a person pays does not depend on how many procedures that person chooses to undergo.) consider the following demand curve in the market for medical care. use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the quantity of procedures demanded if each procedure has a price of $160. then use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the quantity of procedures demanded if each procedure has a price of $40. q d at p=$160 q d at p=$40 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 price of medical procedures quantity of medical procedures demand if the cost of each procedure to society is truly $160, the quantity that maximizes total surplus is procedures. economists often blame the health insurance system for excessive use of medical care. given your analysis, the use of care might be viewed as excessive because consumers get procedures whose value is than the cost of producing them.

Indicate whether each of the following companies is primarily a service, merchandise, or manufacturing business. if you are unfamiliar with the company, use the internet to locate the company's home page or use the finance web site of yahoo. 1. alcoa inc. 2. boeing 3. caterpillar 4. citigroup inc. 5. cvs 6. dow chemical company 7. ebay inc. 8. fedex 9. ford motor company 10. gap inc. 11. h& r block 12. hilton hospitality, inc. 13. procter & gamble 14. suntrust 15. walmart stores, inc.

Firms like papa john’s, domino’s, and pizza hut sell pizza and other products that are differentiated in nature. while numerous pizza chains exist in most locations, the differentiated nature of these firms’ products permits them to charge prices above marginal cost. given these observations, is the pizza industry most likely a monopoly, perfectly competitive, monopolistically competitive, or an oligopoly industry?