Sometimes budget amounts are arrived at by copying the previous year’s amounts and maybe adjusting them by some percentage, under the assumption that if the money was spent last year, it will be needed again this year. if the leadership of an organization instead wants to see a justification of every budget expenditure, then which approach would be best?
a. bottom-up budgeting
b. zero-based budgeting
c. top-down budgeting
to know whether the company can meet payroll at the end of the week, managers look at? (the capital budget, the expense budget, the revenue budget, the cash budget) , which documents daily or weekly cash inflow and outflow.

Technology corp. is considering a $238,160 investment in a new marketing campaign that it anticipates will provide annual cash flows of $52,000 for the next five years. the firm has a 6% cost of capital. what should the analysis indicate to the firm's managers?

Transactions that affect earnings do not necessarily affect cash. identify the effect, if any, that each of the following transactions would have upon cash and net income. the first transaction has been completed as an example. (if an amount reduces the account balance then enter with negative sign preceding the number e.g. -15,000 or parentheses e.g. (15, cash net income (a) purchased $120 of supplies for cash. –$120 $0 (b) recorded an adjustment to record use of $35 of the above supplies. (c) made sales of $1,370, all on account. (d) received $700 from customers in payment of their accounts. (e) purchased equipment for cash, $2,450. (f) recorded depreciation of building for period used, $740. click if you would like to show work for this question: open show work

Vulcan flyovers offers scenic overflights of mount st. helens, the volcano in washington state that explosively erupted in 1982. data concerning the company’s operations in july appear below: vulcan flyovers operating data for the month ended july 31 actual results flexible budget planning budget flights (q) 56 56 54 revenue ($350.00q) $ 16,500 $ 19,600 $ 18,900 expenses: wages and salaries ($3,300 + $91.00q) 8,354 8,396 8,214 fuel ($31.00q) 1,904 1,736 1,674 airport fees ($870 + $35.00q) 2,730 2,830 2,760 aircraft depreciation ($11.00q) 616 616 594 office expenses ($240 + $1.00q) 464 296 294 total expense 14,068 13,874 13,536 net operating income $ 2,432 $ 5,726 $ 5,364 the company measures its activity in terms of flights. customers can buy individual tickets for overflights or hire an entire plane for an overflight at a discount. required: 1. prepare a flexible budget performance report for july that includes revenue and spending variances and activity variances.