Aplanned channel system designed to improve distribution efficiency and cost-effectiveness by integrating various functions throughout the distribution chain is called a(n) marketing system.

Vertical marketing system.

Explanation:

A vertical marketing system (VMS) occurs when two companies come together, usually a wholesaler and retailer, to gain greater benefits to efficiently meet consumer demands.

In this system of union of companies, there is usually a large company and power to coordinate the activities of other parts of the channel, although there is union of organizations each part continues to carry out its own activities.

The main benefit of a VMS is the ability of the organization to control the production and sale processes of a good, which makes the process of anticipation of problems, and correction and optimization to keep up with market trends more effective.

answer: a. the kind of population living in your neighbourhood.

the census explorer data tool by the us census bureau allows the user to zoom in on any neighbourhood within the united states and find the kind of people residing in that by race and age.  

the tool needs to needs to be used twice – once in order to find what type of people reside in a neighbourhood, and then to see the age groups of the people in the same neighbourhood.

answer; rapid growth in buyer demand and high buyer switching cost;