The common stock and debt of northern sludge are valued at $50 million and $30 million, respectively. investors currently require a 16% return on the firm’s common stock and 8% on its debt. if northern sludge issues an additional $10 million of common stock and uses this money to retire (i. e., to pay back) debt, what is the expected return on its common stock? assume first that the change in capital structure does not affect the risk of the debt. suppose next that the change in capital structure increased the risk of the debt. would your previous answer then under- or overstate the effect on the expected return on the firm’s common stock? assume throughout that the mm assumptions hold (i. e., no taxes, no costs of financial distress).

Suppose there are three types of consumers who attend concerts at your university’s performing arts center: students, staff, and faculty. each of these groups has a different willingness to pay for tickets; within each group, willingness to pay is identical. there is a fixed cost of $1,000 to put on a concert, but there are essentially no variable costs. for each concert: i. there are 140 students willing to pay $20. (ii) there are 200 staff members willing to pay $35. (iii) there are 100 faculty members willing to pay $50. a) if the performing arts center can charge only one price, what price should it charge? what are profits at this price? b) if the performing arts center can price discriminate and charge two prices, one for students and another for faculty/staff, what are its profits? c) if the performing arts center can perfectly price discriminate and charge students, staff, and faculty three separate prices, what are its profits?