George, a manager at chromium inc., never approves his subordinates' leaves. he also forces them to maintain a very high standard of productivity. the employees are unable to express their difficulties to george because he is more concerned about production and less concerned about them. in the context of the blake-mouton leadership grid, which of the following leadership styles is george using in this scenario?
a. the middle-of-the-road style
b. the country club style
c. the authority-compliance style
d. the impoverished style

Claire wants to include animations in her presentation slides. which element of the presentation program’s interface will have the options for animation? claire should use the to include animations in her presentation slides.

You've arrived at the pecan shellers conference—your first networking opportunity. naturally, you're feeling nervous, but to avoid seeming insecure or uncertain, you've decided to a. speak a little louder than you would normally. b. talk on your cell phone as you walk around. c. hold an empowered image of yourself in your mind. d. square your shoulders before entering the room.

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.