Xyz stock price and dividend history are as follows: year beginning-of-year price dividend paid at year-end 2015 $ 140 $ 4 2016 159 4 2017 132 4 2018 137 4 an investor buys five shares of xyz at the beginning of 2015, buys another three shares at the beginning of 2016, sells one share at the beginning of 2017, and sells all seven remaining shares at the beginning of 2018. a. what are the arithmetic and geometric average time-weighted rates of return for the investor? (do not round intermediate calculations. round your answers to 2 decimal places.)

Overspeculation and a decrease in consumer confidence are both leading factors of: ?

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.

Turtle corporation produces and sells a single product. data concerning that product appear below: per unit percent of sales selling price $ 150 100 % variable expenses 75 50 % contribution margin $ 75 50 % the company is currently selling 5,600 units per month. fixed expenses are $194,000 per month. the marketing manager believes that a $5,300 increase in the monthly advertising budget would result in a 190 unit increase in monthly sales. what should be the overall effect on the company's monthly net operating income of this change?