An overhead 25-m-long, uninsulated industrial steam pipe of 100-mm diameter is routed through a building whose walls and air are at 25°c. pressurized steam maintains a pipe surface temperature of 150°c, and the coefficient associated with natural convection is h = 10 w/m2 ⋅ k. the surface emissivity is ε = 0.8. (a) what is the rate of heat loss from the steam line? (b) if the steam is generated in a gas-fired boiler operating at an efficiency of ηf = 0.90 and natural gas is priced at cg = $0.02 per mj, what is the annual cost of heat loss from the line?

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A4-year project has an annual operating cash flow of $59,000. at the beginning of the project, $5,000 in net working capital was required, which will be recovered at the end of the project. the firm also spent $23,900 on equipment to start the project. this equipment will have a book value of $5,260 at the end of the project, but can be sold for $6,120. the tax rate is 35 percent. what is the year 4 cash flow?

One of your new suppliers, kim, has been hearing rumors about your firm’s lack of capability to deliver high quality products and writes an email asking you to address the claims being made. in replying to her, you want to be sure that you are very clear and leave no room for misinterpretation. which of the following aspects of effective communication should you give the most attention? (a) making sure you understand kim’s areas of expertise. (b) supporting your reply with relevant data and facts. (c) establishing your credibility as an expert. (d) paying attention to implied communications.