Harper, inc. acquires 40 percent of the outstanding voting stock of kinman company on january 1, 2017, for $210,000 in cash. the book value of kinman’s net assets on that date was $400,000, although one of the company’s buildings, with a $60,000 carrying amount, was actually worth $100,000. this building had a 10-year remaining life. kinman owned a royalty agreement with a 20-year remaining life that was undervalued by $85,000. kinman sold inventory with an original cost of $60,000 to harper during 2017 at a price of $90,000. harper still held $15,000 (transfer price) of this amount in inventory as of december 31, 2017. these goods are to be sold to outside parties during 2018. kinman reported a $40,000 net loss and a $20,000 other comprehensive loss for 2017. the company still manages to declare and pay a $10,000 cash dividend during the year. during 2018, kinman reported a $40,000 net income and declared and paid a cash dividend of $12,000. it made additional inventory sales of $80,000 to harper during the period. the original cost of the merchandise was $50,000. all but 30 percent of this inventory had been resold to outside parties by the end of the 2018 fiscal year. prepare all journal entries for harper for 2017 and 2018 in connection with this investment. assume that the equity method is applied.

Harper investment      160,000

building over fair value 16,000

royalty over fair value  34,000

                         cash              200,000

2017 entries:

loss on Harper Investment  32,000

              Harper investment                32,000

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Cash    4,000

              Harper investment                4,000

Unrealized gain 2,000

  Harper Investment 2,000

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royalty over fair value 1,700

bulding over fair value 1,600

         harper investment          3,300

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2018 entries:

Harper Investment 16,000

  Gain on Harper Investent 16,000

Cash    4800

              Harper investment                4800

Unrealized gain 1,600

  Harper Investment 1,600

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royalty over fair value 1,700

bulding over fair value 1,600

         harper investment          3,300

Explanation:

400,000 x 40% = 160,000

40,000 increase infair value of building x 40% = 16,000

royalty 85,000 x 40% = 34,000

total equity value 200,000

payment of           200,000

no goodwill.

amortization:

building: 16,000 / 10 = 1,600

royalty: 34,000 / 20 = 1,700

2017

loss: 60,000 x 40% = (32,000)

dividends 10,000 x 40% = (4,000)

unrealized gain: it kept 15,000/90,000 = 0.1667 = 16.67%

90,000 - 30,000 = 30,000 gain x 16.67% = 5,000 unrealized gain

5,000 x 40% = 2,000

2018

income 40,000 x 40% = 16,000

dividends 12,000 x 40% = (4,800)

unrealized gain kept 30%

80,000 - 50,000 = 30,000 x 30% = 9,000

the company has 40% so 9,000 x 40% = 3,600 unrealized

as we recognize 2,000 before we adjust for the difference of 1,600

answer; intellectual property protection;

answer; someone must cover the cost associated with the provision of scarce goods in both sectors;