There is no reason to believe that ad hoc attempts to repair market failures—like determining shadow prices for unpriced social goods, or by exempting social goods from the market, or by use of the law to address social goods that are unattainable through individual choice—are socially inadequate.

The prebisch–singer hypothesis concludes that: a. technology lowers the cost of manufactured products, so developing countries should see an increase in their terms of trade. b. developing countries experience a long-run decline in their terms of trade, as the demand for primary products in higher-income countries declines relative to their demand for manufactured goods. c. because of unfair trading practices, labor in developing countries is exploited. d. opec has been responsible for a slowdown in the world's standard of living.